Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a progressive, degenerative eye disease that affects the macula – the central area of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. It is the leading cause of blindness in Australia, affecting 1 in 7 Australians over the age of 50.

There are two main types of macular degeneration:

• Dry (non-proliferative) macular degeneration – Accounts for around 90% of cases. Waste deposits distort central vision.
• Wet macular degeneration – A more advanced stage where fragile blood vessels grow in the macula region, leading to bleeding and scarring. If left untreated, it can result in complete vision loss.

While the exact cause is unknown, risk factors include smoking, age, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, family history, and extended sun exposure.

Macular degeneration causes a gradual loss of central vision, affecting activities like driving and reading. Straight lines may appear bent, and colours can look faded.

Early detection and monitoring are crucial as vision loss from macular degeneration is irreversible. However, treatments are available to slow progression and preserve remaining vision. Treatments can include laser or injection procedures to help seal leaking blood vessels and prevent new ones from forming in the wet form of the disease.

Our optometrists screen for macular degeneration during our comprehensive 360° Eye Test.

If macular degeneration is detected, your optometrist may refer you to an ophthalmologist for further testing and treatment. 

We also provide a specialised Macular Degeneration 360° Exam which includes additional tests to monitor disease progression and evaluate management options. This assessment is recommended annually for patients diagnosed with macular degeneration.